• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The method according to the invention and a correspondingly suitable device serve to make the control of the machining more exact by means of force measurement on a pressing device (20) and / or force measurement. By pressing force as close as possible to the point of engagement pressing device (20) and / or machining tool to the rail (10) important information for controlling the machining process in rail maintenance can be obtained. Due to the additional information, a power-saving, thus wear-optimized processing of laid rails is possible.
    公开号:AT513367A1
    申请号:T998/2012
    申请日:2012-09-13
    公开日:2014-03-15
    发明作者:Erich Ing Hartl；Wolfgang Neuhold；Gerhard Liedl
    申请人:Vossloh Mfl Rail Milling Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    • φ φ ♦ φφφ • · • φ φ • φφφφ φφφ • · · · • · · • · · I • · · · ·
    Method and device for force-dependent control in rail machining
    The invention relates to a method and a device by means of force-dependent control of at least one pressing device and / or at least one machining tool for rail machining on laid rails.
    Such a method and apparatus is described in claim 1 and dependent claims 2-5, the apparatus in claim 6 and the further dependent claims 7-13.
    Rail processing for laid railway or tram rails is as described e.g. mentioned in the patent EP 0952255 A1, basically known. In general, the objectives are defined in all rail machining so that at the same time a maximum removal of the flaws or cracks depending on the rail condition at the lowest possible material removal, and the best possible surface quality or dimensional accuracy in relation to the longitudinal or transverse profile. Grinding applications here are more in the range of low removal rates, milling more in the range of larger delivery depths represented. Furthermore, planing applications for reprofiling rails are known.
    The requirements in terms of machining accuracy and surface quality are always higher, especially in view of the low noise of the moving train due to the rolling noise to be minimized. This presents advanced and new challenges for the machining methods, especially with regard to the track tracking of the machining tools to meet the above requirements.
    As a starting point, in practice, however, it can not always be assumed that a precise and firm track system will be used. Although in this case a processing of the track by plug would be expedient, nevertheless, such track sections or sub-areas due to the lack of time window with a satisfactory processing result to produce.
    Likewise, different subsoil conditions are generally to be expected in certain sections. These are mainly the area of switches, crossings, but also bridges.
    Furthermore, the rail materials used and the heat treatments of the rail are not always known or can vary in sections. This in turn means different processing conditions with regard to different machinability of the rails. 2/14 2
    To stabilize the rail and to plant the processing tools, several solutions are known in the art, which can be divided into two sub-groups in principle.
    On the one hand, pressing devices are called rollers or engageable sliding elements, also referred to as a support shoe or shoe, used, which forcibly deflect or adjust the height of the processing tools, wherein also an independent feed movement of the processing tools can be represented. Examples in the prior art here are the patents DE32222208A1 or EP0952255A1.
    There is a job via mechanical systems such as spindle drives, eccentrics, etc. or hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders with or without pressure control. In the presence of pressure control, work is carried out in a preloaded cylinder with defined and adjustable pressures on both the rod and piston sides. Such hydraulic cylinders are also known as HNC units.
    In the operation of such systems, however, it has been found that by external stresses in the rail processing, such. Cutting forces, it comes to increased forces in the guides and lateral forces in the cylinder, which significantly increases the friction forces and thus the system would have to be redetermined. But this is not measurable for the hydraulic control, since the frictional forces between the hydraulic cylinder and the pressure device arise. Therefore, it is not known with which force the pressing device is pressed against the rail, and since this is not measurable, it is thus no longer exactly adjustable or controllable.
    In addition to these frictional forces caused by a distortion of the system, there are stick-slip effects, especially in the case of small movements both in the guides and in the cylinder, which in total cause the bearing forces, which are predetermined by the control in the hydraulic cylinder, to become reality differ on the rail head.
    In the case of a bad track layout, as it can occur due to poorly stuffed subsoil, but also due to earth movements, water or other environmental influences is to be expected by constant pressing with an unmatched force with the occurrence of vibrations that adversely affect the processing result and thus must be avoided ,
    But such vibrations can also occur in less fixed track sections, such as on bridges, or at intersections or points. 3/14 3 3 • • • • • • • • • · · ·
    Since no information about the actually existing forces on the pressing device and / or in the machining tool is known, the force is rather set higher in order to ensure a certain pressure. Due to the high forces, this has a negative effect on the energy consumption and, above all, on the wear of all components, but in particular of the pressing elements, as well as the rail and the machining tools. It is therefore desirable to find the least with the least possible forces.
    Due to the complexity of the system and the unknown substructures, as well as the changing track qualities an operator-controlled processing is necessary. By manual intervention in the system, the operator usually has to keep the overall processing system as stable as possible based on experience.
    The aim of the present invention is therefore to solve these stated disadvantages of the existing systems and the associated problems in rail processing and to provide a method and a device which ensures an optimal pressing device by a controlled control based on recorded contact forces and / or cutting forces. The force measurement should be as close as possible to the actual contact point, or
    Machining point made in order to avoid the above-mentioned frictional forces and interference as possible and to work with low forces.
    The method according to the invention and the device according to the invention will be described below with reference to several examples and is characterized by claim 1 and the following claims as well as claim 6 and the following claims.
    In the method according to the invention, a pressing device with a force measuring device as close as possible to the interface pressing device to rail and / or a machining tool with a further force measuring device as close as possible to the interface machining tool to rail proposed. As close as possible means a maximum distance of 150mm.
    This can be applied in several design variants. Based on some variants, the invention will be described in more detail. 4.14
    For a better explanation, FIGS. 1 and 2 serve:
    It shows:
    1 shows a schematic arrangement of a pressing device with force measuring devices with a downstream in the direction of travel machining tool also with force measuring devices according to an embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 2 is a schematic arrangement of a machining tool with force measuring devices, as well as a front and a downstream Andrückvorrichtung each having a force measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention.
    It designates: 10 ... rail 20 ... pressing device 21 ... sliding element 22 ... pressure roller 30 ... force measuring device 40 ... mounting for machining tools 41 ... tool carrier
    For the sake of clarity, some terms are explained below and used in the following in each case with the preamble, of course, includes the analogous variants explained.
    A pressing device (20) is used during rail machining to stabilize the rail (10) during the maintenance drive and during the machining of the rail (10) by the machining tool. Such a pressing device (20) can be designed as a roller or as a sliding element (21). Furthermore, at least one pressing device (20) can be assigned to a machining tool. However, it is also possible to use only one pressing device (20) for several processing tools. In one embodiment, both at least one pressing element seen in the direction of travel before and at least one further provided after the machining tool.
    The employment of the rail (10), that is, the application of the pressing force can be done hydraulically, pneumatically or by electric motor with or without mechanical translation. 5/14 c ·· ·· · ································································
    ··· »···» · I ········· ········· ···· ···
    A machining tool may be a milling tool, a grinding tool, a planing tool of various types known in the art. Since these embodiments are known to the person skilled in the art, the known embodiments without a force measuring device (30) will not be discussed in more detail here.
    The force measurement is carried out by means of force measuring devices (30), which determine the actually occurring force according to various physical principles. The force measurement can be done via sensors based on the piezoelectric or the piezoresistive effect. Other possible sensors are known as strain gauges (DMS) and work on the basis of variable resistance.
    Furthermore, the deformations on elastic bodies can be determined by inductive, capacitive or optical displacement sensors and thus be closed to the existing force. These applications are known from other technical applications and therefore a detailed description of the different sensor structures is omitted here.
    The data transmission both to a possible amplifier, as well as to the evaluation unit and the control can be done via conventional cable or wireless. For wireless transmission, for example, technologies such as RFID or Bluetooth or infrared are suitable.
    FIG. 1 schematically shows a pressure device (20) with a force measuring device (30) which measures the actually occurring force which the pressure device (20) exerts on the rail (10). The measurement and the knowledge of the actual force allow the active control of this size and thus a much better control of the machining process.
    By measuring the force at the immediate vicinity of the action, so without significant frictional and stress losses in the system, this can be used as an active control variable for the contact pressure during rail processing.
    Likewise, by knowing the force and the known knowledge of the position, information about the ground and the total track structure are possible and can be used for the control of the contact force of the pressure device (20), but also for the control of the processing unit.
    In the case of the processing device, the setting force, the rotational speed, the infeed depth and the feed can also be regulated as the most important parameters here. 6/14 6 6 • · • ··· • · ♦ · · ········ ♦ ·· ·· ···· ···
    Another possibility besides the force measurement on at least one pressing element is the force measurement on the machining tool. Here can be measured by force measuring devices (30) in addition to the contact force in particular the cutting force, that is, the force at the cutting edge during processing. For grinding tools, the force on the abrasives is determined here.
    1 and 2, an exemplary milling tool is shown, in which the force measuring units are arranged at least in a cutting element, in a cutting element row or a cutting cassette.
    It is possible to equip each individual cutting edge, but also only a desired fraction of cutting edges, with force measuring devices (30). Advantageously, in the case of partial equipping of cutting edges, a symmetrical angular division is selected so that the force-measuring elements are evenly distributed over the circumference.
    It is also possible to attach the force measuring devices (30) to the interface between the tool carrier (41) and spindle or in the storage of the machining spindle and to measure the forces occurring here and thus supply the control as information. With the data of the cutting force, in turn, the pressing device and / or the machining tool can be controlled.
    In FIG. 2, a pressing element is arranged in front of and another after the machining tool. The arrangement sliding element (21), or pressure roller (22) is given here only by way of example. Of course, two pressure rollers (22), two sliding elements (21), or a reverse arrangement can be made.
    By using two pressing elements, the system can be displayed even more stable in itself and the risk of vibrations is further reduced.
    In this case, the force measurement on the second pressing element can also be used simultaneously for detecting the processed rail condition. Specifically, it is possible thereby to determine surface roughness and in particular ripples.
    By the information about the actually occurring forces in the pressing device (20) and / or the machining tool, it is possible to operate the process as a whole much more accurately and with lower forces and thus also reduced energy consumption. Due to the low forces less wear on the components, in particular the pressing device (20), the rail (10), but also of the machining tool is given.
    It is possible to actively change the conditions of track substructure, rail material variations and the like in the control early on and thus to set the optimal conditions. Also 7/14 7 * · · ···························································································· ········································································································································
    Furthermore, a rail processing by the method according to the invention and / or the use of the device according to the invention is easier to automate and the operator influence is much lower.
    Thus, it is possible with the present invention, an optimal force-dependent control of the pressing device (20) and / or a force-dependent control of the cutting force of the machining tool, and thus to ensure optimal rail processing.
    The inventive method and the device according to the invention is described in the main claims 1 and 6, and in each case in the dependent claims 2-5 and 7-13. 8/14
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    •··································································································· 1. A method for controlling at least one pressing device (20) and at least one machining tool which are mounted on a rail vehicle and serve for rail processing on a laid rail (10), characterized in that at least the forces on at least one pressing device (20) and / or the forces are measured on at least one processing device and used as a control variable for the rail processing operation.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the information of the measurement results for the control of the contact pressure of the pressing device (20) is used.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the information of the measurement results for the control of the processing device, in particular the contact force, the speed, the feed depth or the feed of this is used.
    [4]
    4. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one pressing device (20) is arranged in the direction of travel before or after the machining tool.
    [5]
    5. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one pressing device (20) is arranged in the direction of travel before and at least one further in the direction of travel after the machining tool.
    [6]
    6. Device on a rail vehicle for rail machining on a laid rail (10), characterized in that it measures the forces occurring on at least one pressing device (20) and / or at least one machining tool and this output signal is used as a control variable for the rail machining operation.
    [7]
    7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that it is positioned on the pressing device (20). 9/14 ·················································································· ·
    [8]
    8. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that it is positioned on the machining tool.
    [9]
    9. Device according to at least one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it is designed as a piezoelectric or piezoresistive force measuring device (30).
    [10]
    10. The device according to at least one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it is designed as a strain gauge as a force measuring device (30).
    [11]
    11. The device according to at least one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it is designed via inductive, capacitive or optical displacement sensor for determining the elastic deformations as a force measuring device (30).
    [12]
    12. The device according to at least one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the signal transmission takes place wirelessly.
    [13]
    13. The device according to at least one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that it has a maximum distance of 150mm to the rail (10). 10/14
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN104662229A|2015-05-27|
    US20150240428A1|2015-08-27|
    EP2895656A2|2015-07-22|
    AT513367B1|2014-11-15|
    WO2014040095A3|2014-05-08|
    CN104662229B|2017-05-31|
    WO2014040095A2|2014-03-20|
    EP2895656B1|2017-12-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP0205723A1|1985-06-28|1986-12-30|Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft m.b.H.|Mobile track-working machine and method for bending the ends of laid rails in the joint zone|
    EP0952255A1|1998-04-20|1999-10-27|Schweerbau GmbH & Co. KG|Railway vehicle with a rail-milling device|CN104911965A|2015-05-29|2015-09-16|昆明中铁大型养路机械集团有限公司|Rough milling device of mobile rail milling vehicle|US4315129A|1979-10-15|1982-02-09|Omark Industries, Inc.|Mobile apparatus for welding studs to rail base plates|
    DE3222208C2|1982-06-12|1985-03-28|Dr. techn. Ernst Linsinger & Co GmbH, Steyrermühl|Movable device for milling rail heads|
    CH655528B|1984-02-06|1986-04-30|
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    CH685129A5|1991-03-01|1995-03-31|Speno International|Device for reprofiling the rails of a railway.|
    DE4200945A1|1992-01-16|1993-07-22|Benkler Ag|METHOD FOR MEASURING A RAIL AND TRACK PROFILE AND CHASSIS FOR MACHINING|
    JP3559823B2|1998-08-17|2004-09-02|三智合成有限会社|Rail blasting equipment|
    AT411912B|2000-07-17|2004-07-26|Linsinger Maschinenbau Gmbh|METHOD FOR GRINDING A RAIL AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD|
    US6381521B1|2000-10-11|2002-04-30|Transportation Technology Center, Inc.|Dynamic angle of attack measurement system and method therefor|
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    CN102535279B|2012-01-13|2014-04-02|西南交通大学|Numerical control fine-grinding quality control method of rail welding joint|
    CN104364607B|2012-05-24|2018-02-23|国际电子机械公司|The wheel of rail vehicle measures relative to the trackside of the geometry of track|EP2947204B1|2014-05-19|2017-01-11|Mevert Maschinenbau GmbH & Co.KG|Moveable device for milling rail heads and method for changing the cutting inserts in such a device|
    AT520384B1|2017-11-21|2019-03-15|Maschf Liezen Und Giesserei Ges M B H|Processing device for rail systems in the urban area|
    CN112757014A|2021-01-29|2021-05-07|宁波启航船业有限公司|Clamp with self-detection function for metal cutting|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA998/2012A|AT513367B1|2012-09-13|2012-09-13|Method and device for force-dependent control in rail machining|ATA998/2012A| AT513367B1|2012-09-13|2012-09-13|Method and device for force-dependent control in rail machining|
    EP13770621.4A| EP2895656B1|2012-09-13|2013-08-30|Method and device for force-dependent controlling in the machining of rails|
    PCT/AT2013/000141| WO2014040095A2|2012-09-13|2013-08-30|Method and device for force-dependent controlling in the machining of rails|
    US14/426,516| US20150240428A1|2012-09-13|2013-08-30|Method and device for force-dependent controlling in the machining of rails|
    CN201380048988.2A| CN104662229B|2012-09-13|2013-08-30|The method and apparatus of the control associated for power in track processing|
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